How to Solve Pest Boars in Rubber

Hama boar is often become a serious problem for a very pig likes petani.Hama into the plantation at night is very damaging to the rubber or rubber rods break too young to eat gum leaves.

Control Objectives of Disease in Rubber

Control Objectives of Disease in Rubber

Damage and death of plants is an important issue in karet.kerusakan plantations and rubber plant death can be caused by pests, diseases and weeds or physical and chemical disturbances. Menangulangi business issue is should be implemented in an integrated manner. Extension workers, plantation, treatment facilities, and authorities instantsi all penanggulangi responsible for the success of this disorder.

Disease in Rubber

Disease in Rubber

- Mushroom root
This type of fungus that many encounter in rubber in general:
• White Mushrooms
• Red Mushroom
• Mushrooms Upas
The first level in the attack on rubber berdalam roots in the ground to see if these symptoms in the dig at the base of the rubber will look good fungus that attacks the roots of a small rubber would ever grow up ready to harvest.

Recognize The Fungus on The Roots Of The Rubber

Recognize The Fungus on The Roots of The Rubber

"White root fungus is caused by one of Rigidiporus Microporus or malignancies of the rubber plant that can cause death and a negative effect on production. Thus the rubber planters should be more intensively supervise the rubber plant, "please Kaltim Etanawati Head Plantation.According to him, this type of fungus attacks the roots of riding as well as lateral roots that can cause death of plants with very high intensity, especially at the rubber plant that has been aged two to four years.

This fungus attacks can occur starting at the nursery, or immature plants (TBM) to generate the plant (TM). Impact of fungal attack is extremely detrimental to rubber growers.

Natural and Synthetic Rubber differences.

Natural and Synthetic Rubber differences.Currently used in industrial rubber comprises natural rubber and synthetic rubber. The use of synthetic rubber is higher than the amount of natural rubber. Has advantages such as synthetic rubber resistant to various chemicals and the price tends to remain stable. In terms of procurement, synthetic rubber rarely have problems sending or supplies of goods.

Although today's natural rubber production and consumption amounts far below the synthetic rubber or artificial rubber factory,

The Growth of Indonesia's Natural Rubber Exports

The growth of Indonesia's natural rubber exports

Indonesia's natural rubber exports growth over the last six years (2000-2005) is about 7.96%. The growth of Indonesia's natural rubber exports tend to be stable, while the value of exports fluctuated as they relate to the export price of rubber. Indonesia rubber export price is highly dependent on international natural rubber prices, supply and demand. and competitiveness of Indonesia's natural rubber exports in comparison with exports from other exporting countries, like Thailand and Malaysia.

Mixed Rubber Plantation Management System

Average tapped rubber plantations began at the age of 10-15 years. Slash and methods used for the maintenance of rubber plantations is a method of slash and clearing the hall with the frequency of irregularities. Since the last 3 years, the people doing an intensive cleaning of the garden in an old rubber plantation to plant rubber with insertion system.
Most of the rubber farmers in this village own initiative to make rubber nurseries (private owned) to meet the needs of rubber planting in the garden each. Plant species are allowed to live in the garden include Medang, chelates, meranti, jelutung and other economic types. Farmers tend to maintain some economically valuable tree species such as kempas, keranji, meranti, jelutung, chelates.

Rubber and its Contents

Rubber is a hydrocarbon polymer latex is contained in some plant species. The main source of production of rubber in international trade are or Hevea brasiliensis (Euphorbiaceae tribe). Several other plants also produce latex with a slightly different properties of rubber, such as ara-member tribe araan (eg fig), brown-sawoan (eg gutta percha and brown manila), other Euphorbiaceae, and dandelion. During World War II, these sources are used to fill the vacancy of the rubber supply. Now, gutta-percha used in medicine (guttapercha), while the tan manila commonly used latex for chewing gum (chicle). Rubber industry can now be produced synthetically and became rivals in the rubber industry.

Types and Various kinds of Rubber

Natural rubber in the world 70% is produced in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. Natural rubber obtained from Hevea brasiliensis rubber tree tapping a liquid rubber called latex. Rubber is needed in their daily lives ranging from household to industrial needs. Mostly used in the manufacture of rubber hoses and tires (about 50% more).

Types of rubber:Crepes originated from latex, rubber lump, or RSS of low quality. How to make it similar to the RSS different is to remove the dark brown color of dry rubber. Then the result is a white rubber grinding machine using a sheet of thin crepes pengiling.

How to Take the Rubber

Taking Rubber

Menderes or in Java (Indonesia) known as the tap is the result of the activities taking rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) using a special knife in the trunk of rubber latex that can be taken. activities can be carried out at a rubber plant that has been aged five years, conducted in the morning, the morning the more latex that came out.  done by cutting the phloem vessels so that the latex out a lot, in the morning, because it has high humidity so that the leaf turgor pressure becomes high, which in turn makes more phloem vessels and that's when we start cutting Menderes or phloem vessels, resulting in the production a lot of latex. It should be noted that the quality of every day knives deresnya always sharp. Taking rubber is an art, because not everyone can , one-one instead of rubber to be damaged.

The Benefits of Rubber Seeds

Rubber Seeds

" The Benefits of Rubber Seeds "

There are many benefits that can be taken with the use of rubber seeds that never dioleh and specially developed, especially in the province of Jambi. In general, the diktahui by simply taking the sap from the rubber rod or often called a tap. In fact, things - things to know in the process of tapping less known to the public, so the quality of rubber produced less good.If we look at the composition of rubber seed oil contains so much, there should be a better utilization of the processing of rubber seeds. With a land area of ​​rubber plantations in Jambi province, then it certainly can be easily overcome the energy crisis of its own in an increasingly haunting. Especially with the shadow - the shadow that the energy derived from fossil was not reliable anymore. As for some of the alternative energy produced from the raw material of rubber seeds is as follows.These materials can be sourced from the waste to be utilized in the manufacture of charcoal briquettes. One of the waste material is shell rubber seed oil. The process of making charcoal briquettes from rubber seed shell as follows:

a. Prepare the starting material for the manufacture of rubber seed shell biobriket that has been milled with a hammer mill.Therefore, these conditions must be balanced with efforts BioEnergy innovation fuels that have a better quality than biobriket. The quality is basically the parameter values ​​can be measured from the burning of calories and pollutant gas emissions.

The Selected Land for Rubber Planting

Basically the rubber plants require the terms of climatic conditions for growth and soil conditions as the growth media.
ClimateAreas suitable for rubber plants is on the zone between 150 and LS 150 LU. Beyond that somewhat hampered the growth of rubber plants that began production too late.RainfallRubber plant requires optimal rainfall between 2,500 mm to 4,000 mm / year, with rainy days ranges from 100 to. 150 HH / year. However, if frequent rain in the morning, the production will be reduced.
High placesBasically the rubber plants grown in optimal lowland with an altitude of 200 m above sea level. Altitude> 600 m from the sea surface is not suitable for growing rubber trees. Optimal temperature range between 250C required to 350C.

Stem and Root Disease in Rubber

White Root disease Rigidoporus microporus

White root disease caused by a fungus Rigidoporus microporus (Rigidoporus lignosus). These diseases result in damage to plant roots. Symptoms on leaves appear pale yellow and the edge or tip of the leaf folded into. Then the leaves fall and the end of the branch to die. There are times when formed young leaves, or flowers and fruit early. On plant roots seem ill-colored threads of white mushrooms and a bit thick (rizomorf). Sometimes mushroom fruit body forming a cap-like yellowish orange at the base of the plant roots. In severe attacks, the plant roots to rot so easily uprooted plants and dead. Crops often creeping death on neighboring plants. Transmission of the fungus usually takes place through contact to tunggultunggul healthy plant roots, the remaining root or roots of plants diseased plants. White root disease is common in 1-5 year old rubber plantation, especially in the bush, many of the remaining stump or roots of plants and in loose soil or sand. Treatment of diseased plants should be done at the time of the attack early to get treatment success and reduce the risk of plant death. When treatment is done at the time of the attack continued success of treatment only reaches below 80%. How to use and type of recommended fungicides are recommended:

"Rubber Chips" Spectacular Energy Sources

Chip

 Rubber Chips

Princeton University engineers can take advantage of the films (thin layer) of naturalrubber so sophisticated tools to power mobile phones and other electronic devices. Chips of rubber material, they also turn it into chips that are able to follow the movements of body flexibility, such as respiratory movements, walking, even into energy pacemakers.

Rubberchips are converted into material composed of ceramic nanoribbons and then implanted into a silicon rubber sheet and capable of generating electrical energy when flexed and highly efficient in converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. Placed near the lungs, the sheet of material containing this energy can help the movement of respiratory or cardiac pacemakers. This will avoid the need for battery replacement after surgery.

Rubber Marketing

Rubber is an export commodity that is able to contribute in the efforts to increase foreign exchange Indonesia. Indonesia rubber export since 20 years ago increased from 1, 0 million tons in 1985 to 1.3 tons, in 1995 and 2.0 million tons from 2.2 million tonnes of rubber production in 2005, so that foreign exchange earnings from rubber commodity in the first half of 2006 reached U.S. $ 2.0 billion.
 
The area of ​​rubber plantations in Indonesia reached 3.2 million ha in 2005, mostly scattered in Sumatra and Kalimantan, of which 85% is rubber.
Rubber prices improved at this time should be a momentum that can push
acceleration, improvement and rejuvenation of the rubber is less productive by using a clone - a clone superior cultivation and other technological improvements.

To enhance the role and competitiveness of rubber, an effort that must be done through improving the quality of the material if the rubber. On the basis of these things the government has established Guidelines for Materials Processing and Marketing Sports Rubber (BOKAR).

Rubber plantations: Indonesia to establish cooperation with Thailand and Malaysia

Rubber plantations: Indonesia to establish cooperation with Thailand and Malaysia

 
 To control the price of rubber in the international market. The three countries agreed to form the International Tripartite Rubber Council (ITRC) is the organization that regulates the supply (supply) and demand (demand) that affect the world rubber price fluctuations, said Director General of Plantations Achmad Mangga Barani in Jakarta. Mangga Barani said Indonesia set a floor price or the lowest benchmark level of U.S. $ 1.6 per kilogram, and the tripartite agreement has been running since six years ago, while the benchmark price related evaluation per year. If the price falls below the level of U.S. $ 1.6 per kilogram (kg), the three countries will simultaneously reduce the production and supply to world markets, obviously Mangga Barani. He said if rubber prices below U.S. $ 1.6 per kg then there should be no country that sells. Current prices are in the range of U.S. $ 3.2 per kg, so the three countries are free to sell their products. Thus, Manggabarani said, when the price is below the benchmark, then the three countries joined the International Tripartite Rubber Council or the ITRC was not allowed to sell gum, and even take action to reducing the production of rubber. It was to keep the price of rubber in the international market is down, he said.

Technical Rubber Grafting

Technical Rubber

Technical Rubber Grafting 

Grafting of the rubber tree is a series of attempts to obtain a good planting material and a circuit that can not be separated from selection of seeds and germination.There are 2 kinds of grafting the green grafting (budding green) and grafting cacao (brown budding). Green grafting carried out on seed age 5-6 months and 9-10 months old brown grafting.a. On the green grafting: entres obtained from the branch with 2 5-6 month old umbrella with fresh dark green umbrellas.b. In the grafting of chocolate: held on 9-10 month old seedlings. Entres used 6-12 months old and brown.In connection with the availability of seeds in the gardens of Central Java in March / April so that timely planting into polybags and seedlings ready to be available 2-3 Ducts brown umbrella grafting using a system of budding / grafting brown.

Grafting tools- A sharp grafting knife- Plastic Bandages for dressing a window on the lower stem- Trunk banana to put wood entres- Wipe clean hands wrapped dipergelangan to clean grafting knife.- Wipe to clean the sap on the lower stem and wood windows entres- Sharpening stone for sharpening knives grafting

Rubber Industry Background

Company (Rubber Industries)

Rubber Industry  Background

Basically can be derived from natural rubber from the sap of the rubber tree(Or known as latex), and the production of human (synthetic). When the wounded rubber tree, the sap produced will be so much more. The main source of latex rubber is the rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis (Euphorbiaceae). Asia is currently a source of natural rubber. Rubber beginning to live only in South America, but now it is successfully developed in Southeast Asia. The presence of rubber

in Southeast Asia thanks to the services of Henry Wickham. this time, Asian countries produce 93% of natural rubber production, which is Thailand's largest, followed by Indonesia, and Malaysia.When Christopher Columbus and his entourage discovered America in 1476, they are amazed to see the ball played by the Indians who can rebound when dropped to the ground. This is where the rubber starts history, but only in the year 1530 there is a written report on Gummi optimum, called Pietro Martire d'Anghiera for rubber. The ball was made of a mixture of roots, wood, and grass, mixed with a material (latex) and then heated above the bed and rounded like a ball. Oran Indian ball can bounce higher than a ball made of common people of Europe at that time. In 1615 a writer, F.J. Torquemada Mexico reported that the Indians made of waterproof shoes or rubber latex material. Fresnau a French expert reported that many plants that can produce latex or rubber, of which the type of Hevea brasiliensis, which grows in the Amazon jungle in Brazil who is now a major rubber-producing plants and is cultivated in Southeast Asia is a major rubber producer in the world today .

Understanding of Seed Bed Eyes Stum

We often find the term understanding Stum Eye Sleep Seeds on the articles of rubber or any extension of rubber cultivation.
Sleeping Eye Stum seeds in rubber are: Seeds of rubber that has been in the grafting and the jack of rubber nurseries but have not grown larva in the eye and do not have root grafting new sebgai where seedlings are grown in a poly bag ready for planting rubber.
Stum seeds sleeping eye can be used for planting in plantations but have a high rainfall levels so that the seeds of this species is easy to live as much in need of a high water content in order to grow new roots after planting in the new rubber plantations.

Some of the reasons farmers use seeds Stum sleeping eyes:
A. Economics or Business
Type of seed bed eyes Stum cheaper than seedlings in polybags ready tanam.Serta for farmers who make rubber breeding is more practical to develop again into the nurseries for rubber seedlings in a polybag with a much higher sale value without having to start from making rootstock , grafting, and as his jack.

The Quality of Rubber Plantations in Indonesia

The Quality of Rubber Plantations in Indonesia

 Countries actually do not need to increase the national rubber planting hectarage. Because the land of rubber Indonesia is the largest in the world, which is 3.4 million hectares (ha). Chairman of the Estates Strategic Sustainable Development Forum (FP2SB), Achmad Mangga Barani, said the increase in productivity become a major emphasis.Indonesia rubber production is still less than Thailand which became number one with production of 2.6 million tons. National rubber productivity is still low with an average of only 0.8 tons perhektare (ha)."There are still small compared to other Southeast Asian countries, Malaysia and Thailand, which had reached 1.5 to 1.7 million tons of thoughtful," he said at Hotel Kartika Chandra, Jakarta, Monday (26/9).While the Deputy Minister of Agriculture, Krisnamurthi, said the national rubber productivity is still below one ton is very unfortunate. He explained there are two other factors must be considered to improve the competitiveness of Indonesian rubber.